Cholera is caused by

This article is about the bacterial disease. For the dish, see Cholera ( ˈ k ɒ l ər ə/) is an Cholera Other names Asiatic cholera, epidemic cholera A person with severe Large amounts of watery Usual onset 2 hours to 5 days after exposure Duration A few days Causes Poor Prevention Improved sanitation, Treatment Less than 1% mortality rate with proper treatment, untreated mortality rate 50-60% Frequency 3–5 million people a year Deaths 28,800 (2015) Cholera is caused by a number of Vibrio cholerae, with some types producing more severe disease than others. Prevention methods against cholera include improved sanitation and access to The primary treatment for affected individuals is Cholera continues to affect an estimated 3–5 million people worldwide and causes 28,800–130,000 deaths a year. Contents • 1 Signs and symptoms • 2 Cause • 2.1 Transmission • 2.2 Susceptibility • 3 Mechanism • 3.1 Genetic structure • 3.2 Antibiotic resistance • 4 Diagnosis • 5 Prevention • 5.1 Water, sanitation and hygiene • 5.2 Surveillance • 5.3 Vaccination • 5.4 Sari filtration • 6 Treatment • 6.1 Fluids • 6.2 Electrolytes • 6.3 Antibiotics • 6.4 Zinc supplementation • 7 Prognosis • 8 Epidemiology • 8.1 History of outbreaks • 8.2 Research • 8.3 Global Strategy • 9 Society and culture • 9.1 Health policy • 9.2 Notable cases • 9.3 In popular culture • 10 Country examples • 10.1 Zambia • 10.2 India • 10.3 Democratic Republic of Congo • 11 Notes • 12 References • 13 Further reading • 14 External link...

The disease is most common in places with poor sanitation, crowding, war, and famine. Common locations include parts of Africa, south Asia, and Latin America. If you are traveling to one of those areas, knowing the following cholera facts can help protect you and your family. Cholera Causes Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera, is usually found in food or water contaminated by feces from a person with the infection. Common sources include: • Municipal water supplies • Ice made from municipal water • Foods and drinks sold by street vendors • Vegetables grown with water containing human wastes • Raw or undercooked fish and seafood caught in waters polluted with sewage When a person consumes the contaminated food or water, the bacteria release a toxin in the It is not likely you will catch cholera just from casual contact with an infected person. Cholera Symptoms Symptoms of cholera can begin as soon as a few hours or as long as five days after infection. Often, symptoms are mild. But sometimes they are very serious. About one in 20 people infected have severe watery Signs and symptoms of • Rapid • Loss of • Dry mucous membranes, including the inside of the • • Thirst • If not treated, dehydration can lead to shock and death in a matter of hours. Cholera Treatment and Prevention There is a You can protect yourself and your family by using only water that has been boiled, water that has been chemically disinfected, or bottled water. Be sure to use bottled, boiled...

Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae. People typically acquire cholera from contaminated water. Most people with cholera have few or no symptoms, but some will experience severe diarrhea and dehydration. In severe cases, immediate treatment is necessary because death can occur within hours. This can happen even if you were healthy before you contracted cholera. Modern sewage and water treatment have effectively eliminated cholera in most countries. It’s still a problem in parts of Asia, Latin America, Africa, and the Middle East. According to the Countries affected by war, poverty, and natural disasters are at the greatest risk of a cholera outbreak. That’s because these conditions tend to force people to live in crowded areas without proper sanitation. Most people with cholera have no symptoms at all or mild to moderate ones. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), only Symptoms of cholera may include: • sudden onset of • • • The dehydration associated with cholera is often • • moodiness • • • shriveled skin • • • • Dehydration may cause the loss of minerals in your blood, which can result in an The first symptom of an electrolyte imbalance is severe In children Children with cholera usually have the same symptoms as adults. Children may also experience: • severe • • • Cholera is caused by the bacteria V. cholerae. The disease’s deadly effects are the result of cholera toxin (CTX), a strong toxin that’s produce...

Key facts • Most of those infected will have no or mild symptoms and can be successfully treated with oral rehydration solution. • A global strategy on cholera control, Ending Cholera: a global roadmap to 2030, with a target to reduce cholera deaths by 90% was launched in 2017. • Researchers have estimated that each year there are 1.3 to 4.0 million cases of cholera, and 21 000 to 143 000 deaths worldwide due to cholera (1) • Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease that can kill within hours if left untreated. • Provision of safe water and sanitation is critical to prevent and control the transmission of cholera and other waterborne diseases. • Severe cases will need rapid treatment with intravenous fluids and antibiotics. • Oral cholera vaccines should be used in conjunction with improvements in water and sanitation to control cholera outbreaks and for prevention in areas known to be high risk for cholera. Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Cholera remains a global threat to public health and an indicator of inequity and lack of social development. Symptoms Cholera is an extremely virulent disease that can cause severe acute watery diarrhoea. It takes between 12 hours and 5 days for a person to show symptoms after ingesting contaminated food or water (2). Cholera affects both children and adults and can kill within hours if untreated. Most people infected with V. cholerae do not dev...

Cholera is a sudden illness that happens when a person swallows food or water containing Vibrio cholerae bacteria. It’s not common in the United States or other developed countries, but affects millions worldwide. Cholera can cause severe diarrhea, dehydration and even death. Clean water and good hygiene are important to prevent it. Overview What is cholera? Cholera is a sudden illness that happens when a person accidentally ingests (swallows) Vibrio cholerae ( V. cholerae) bacteria . When the bacteria infect a person’s intestines, they can cause very bad diarrhea and dehydration. These complications can sometimes lead to death. How common is cholera? Millions of people across the world get cholera infections each year. The bacterial infection usually happens in places without modern systems for sewage and clean water. Examples include undeveloped countries and refugee camps, as well as parts of the Middle East, Asia, South America and Africa. Cholera outbreaks are more common in warm climates. Outbreaks sometimes happen after natural disasters, like earthquakes and hurricanes. These disasters can damage sewage systems. Cholera is rare in the United States and other modern, industrialized countries. But Americans should be aware of the disease and its causes, especially if they travel internationally. Symptoms and Causes What causes cholera? Cholera comes from the V. cholerae bacteria. People infected with these bacteria can spread disease through their feces (also called ...

Key facts • Most of those infected will have no or mild symptoms and can be successfully treated with oral rehydration solution. • A global strategy on cholera control, Ending Cholera: a global roadmap to 2030, with a target to reduce cholera deaths by 90% was launched in 2017. • Researchers have estimated that each year there are 1.3 to 4.0 million cases of cholera, and 21 000 to 143 000 deaths worldwide due to cholera (1) • Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease that can kill within hours if left untreated. • Provision of safe water and sanitation is critical to prevent and control the transmission of cholera and other waterborne diseases. • Severe cases will need rapid treatment with intravenous fluids and antibiotics. • Oral cholera vaccines should be used in conjunction with improvements in water and sanitation to control cholera outbreaks and for prevention in areas known to be high risk for cholera. Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Cholera remains a global threat to public health and an indicator of inequity and lack of social development. Symptoms Cholera is an extremely virulent disease that can cause severe acute watery diarrhoea. It takes between 12 hours and 5 days for a person to show symptoms after ingesting contaminated food or water (2). Cholera affects both children and adults and can kill within hours if untreated. Most people infected with V. cholerae do not dev...

At least 17 people have died in a cholera outbreak in the Hammanskraal township outside South Africa's capital, Pretoria, authorities said Wednesday cholera, an Vibrio cholerae and characterized by extreme Cholera is a disease that can incite populations to panic. Its reputation as a fierce and unrelenting killer is a deserved one. It has been responsible for the deaths of millions, for economic losses of immense magnitude, and for the disruption of the very fabric of society in all parts of the world. In spite of the The cholera bacterium and toxin Vibrio cholerae is a member of the family Vibrionaceae, which includes three medically important genera of water-dwelling bacteria. It is a short, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that appears curved when isolated. There are more than 200 different serogroups of V. cholerae, which are distinguished based on the structure of a protein called the O antigen in the bacterium’s V. cholerae—O1 and O139 (sometimes called the Bengal serogroup)—are known to cause cholera. Pathogenic O1 and O139 V. cholerae have the ability to produce cholera toxin, a type of classical and El Tor. These two biotypes each contain two serotypes, called Inaba and Ogawa (some classifications recognize a third serotype, Hikojima), which are The classical biotype was responsible for most, if not all, of the six great cholera pandemics that swept through the world in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The seventh The rapid loss of fluid from the bowel can, i...

The disease is most common in places with poor sanitation, crowding, war, and famine. Common locations include parts of Africa, south Asia, and Latin America. If you are traveling to one of those areas, knowing the following cholera facts can help protect you and your family. Cholera Causes Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera, is usually found in food or water contaminated by feces from a person with the infection. Common sources include: • Municipal water supplies • Ice made from municipal water • Foods and drinks sold by street vendors • Vegetables grown with water containing human wastes • Raw or undercooked fish and seafood caught in waters polluted with sewage When a person consumes the contaminated food or water, the bacteria release a toxin in the It is not likely you will catch cholera just from casual contact with an infected person. Cholera Symptoms Symptoms of cholera can begin as soon as a few hours or as long as five days after infection. Often, symptoms are mild. But sometimes they are very serious. About one in 20 people infected have severe watery Signs and symptoms of • Rapid • Loss of • Dry mucous membranes, including the inside of the • • Thirst • If not treated, dehydration can lead to shock and death in a matter of hours. Cholera Treatment and Prevention There is a You can protect yourself and your family by using only water that has been boiled, water that has been chemically disinfected, or bottled water. Be sure to use bottled, boiled...

Cholera is a sudden illness that happens when a person swallows food or water containing Vibrio cholerae bacteria. It’s not common in the United States or other developed countries, but affects millions worldwide. Cholera can cause severe diarrhea, dehydration and even death. Clean water and good hygiene are important to prevent it. Overview What is cholera? Cholera is a sudden illness that happens when a person accidentally ingests (swallows) Vibrio cholerae ( V. cholerae) bacteria . When the bacteria infect a person’s intestines, they can cause very bad diarrhea and dehydration. These complications can sometimes lead to death. How common is cholera? Millions of people across the world get cholera infections each year. The bacterial infection usually happens in places without modern systems for sewage and clean water. Examples include undeveloped countries and refugee camps, as well as parts of the Middle East, Asia, South America and Africa. Cholera outbreaks are more common in warm climates. Outbreaks sometimes happen after natural disasters, like earthquakes and hurricanes. These disasters can damage sewage systems. Cholera is rare in the United States and other modern, industrialized countries. But Americans should be aware of the disease and its causes, especially if they travel internationally. Symptoms and Causes What causes cholera? Cholera comes from the V. cholerae bacteria. People infected with these bacteria can spread disease through their feces (also called ...

Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae. People typically acquire cholera from contaminated water. Most people with cholera have few or no symptoms, but some will experience severe diarrhea and dehydration. In severe cases, immediate treatment is necessary because death can occur within hours. This can happen even if you were healthy before you contracted cholera. Modern sewage and water treatment have effectively eliminated cholera in most countries. It’s still a problem in parts of Asia, Latin America, Africa, and the Middle East. According to the Countries affected by war, poverty, and natural disasters are at the greatest risk of a cholera outbreak. That’s because these conditions tend to force people to live in crowded areas without proper sanitation. Most people with cholera have no symptoms at all or mild to moderate ones. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), only Symptoms of cholera may include: • sudden onset of • • • The dehydration associated with cholera is often • • moodiness • • • shriveled skin • • • • Dehydration may cause the loss of minerals in your blood, which can result in an The first symptom of an electrolyte imbalance is severe In children Children with cholera usually have the same symptoms as adults. Children may also experience: • severe • • • Cholera is caused by the bacteria V. cholerae. The disease’s deadly effects are the result of cholera toxin (CTX), a strong toxin that’s produce...