Chromosome

Recent Examples on the Web Duplicating an X chromosome, which male cells already have, is easier than conjuring up a Y chromosome in female cells, Hayashi explained. — Katie Hunt, CNN, 24 Mar. 2023 The researchers discarded the Y chromosome and duplicated the X chromosome. — Meghan Bartels, Scientific American, 15 Mar. 2023 If an egg with a W chromosome merges with its polar body, the resulting WW embryo will not be viable. — Sarah Zhang, The Atlantic, 28 Oct. 2021 Or is gender purely a subjective experience of identity that has nothing to do with chromosomes, genitalia, and internal plumbing? — William Falk, The Week, 1 May 2023 Telomeres are the protective caps on the ends of cell chromosomes. — Mikayla Morell, Health, 2 Apr. 2023 But on rare occasions, chromosomes can break and fuse, leading those linkage groups to mix. — Viviane Callier, Scientific American, 17 May 2023 Another trend, less discussed, is that females -- people born with two X chromosomes -- are now far more likely to transition than are males -- people born with X and Y chromosomes. — Albert Eisenberg, National Review, 11 May 2023 Known as a partial molar pregnancy, her embryo had too many chromosomes, preventing it from developing properly. — Stephanie Emma Pfeffer, Peoplemag, 4 May 2023 See More These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'chromosome.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster o...

• Afrikaans • Alemannisch • العربية • Asturianu • Azərbaycanca • تۆرکجه • বাংলা • Bân-lâm-gú • Башҡортса • Беларуская • Български • Bosanski • Brezhoneg • Català • Čeština • Cymraeg • Dansk • الدارجة • Deutsch • Eesti • Ελληνικά • Español • Esperanto • Euskara • فارسی • Français • Frysk • Gaeilge • Galego • ГӀалгӀай • 客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî • 한국어 • Հայերեն • हिन्दी • Hrvatski • Ido • Bahasa Indonesia • IsiXhosa • Íslenska • Italiano • עברית • Jawa • ಕನ್ನಡ • ქართული • Қазақша • Kiswahili • Kreyòl ayisyen • Kurdî • Кыргызча • ລາວ • Latina • Latviešu • Lietuvių • Lingua Franca Nova • Lombard • Magyar • Македонски • मराठी • Bahasa Melayu • 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ • Монгол • မြန်မာဘာသာ • Nederlands • नेपाली • नेपाल भाषा • 日本語 • Nordfriisk • Norsk bokmål • Norsk nynorsk • Occitan • Олык марий • Oromoo • Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча • ਪੰਜਾਬੀ • پنجابی • پښتو • Polski • Português • Qaraqalpaqsha • Română • Русский • ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ • Sardu • Scots • Shqip • Simple English • سنڌي • Slovenčina • Slovenščina • کوردی • Српски / srpski • Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски • Sunda • Suomi • Svenska • Tagalog • தமிழ் • Татарча / tatarça • తెలుగు • ไทย • Тоҷикӣ • Türkçe • Українська • اردو • Vahcuengh • Tiếng Việt • Winaray • 吴语 • ייִדיש • Yorùbá • 粵語 • 中文 • v • t • e A chromosome is a long Chromosomes are normally visible under a Chromosomal Some use the term chromosome in a wider sense, to refer to the individualized portions of Etymology [ ] The word chromosome ( ˈ k r oʊ m ə ˌ s oʊ m, - ˌ z oʊ m/ χρῶμα ( chroma, "c...

sex: Sex chromosomes Unlike the paired autosomes, in which each member normally carries see The effects of genes carried only on the Y chromosome are, of course, expressed only in males. Most of these genes are the so-called maleness determiners, which are necessary for development of the Certain differences of sex development (DSDs; formerly called

The human genome includes 21,000 or so genes, spread out along 3 billion base pairs of DNA. This DNA is distributed among 23 chromosomes, of which we have two sets. We inherit one set from each parent. Each chromosome includes a single, linear molecule of DNA with its own set of genes. Chromosomes are numbered according to their size, and genes are arranged along them in a specific order. So a gene near the tip of the short arm of chromosome 4 in one person will be found in the same location in everyone. This means that each of our genes can be mapped to a specific place on a specific chromosome. A gene is a segment of DNA instructions for building a particular RNA or protein molecule. Genes are very important, and they get a lot of attention. Yet they make up just 3% of our genome. Each gene is like an island separated by vast stretches of non-coding DNA—that is DNA that does not code for a product. Some of this DNA holds information about which cells should make proteins, when they should make it, and how much they should make. Other segments were left by viruses that infected our ancestors many generations ago. There is some DNA that we know is important—it is conserved between species—but we are not sure exatly why that is. Some DNA appears to have no function. DNA in other organisms is more than just genes too, though the amount of non-coding DNA varies a lot among species. Bacteria have the smallest genomes, and around 90% of their DNA codes for RNA or protein. At th...

chromosome number, precise number of An organism with any multiple of the diploid number of chromosomes is said to be polyploid. Solanum tuberosum), the African clawed Xenopus laevis), and the plains viscacha rat ( Tympanoctomys barrerae; also called red vizcacha rat). In most animals, however, any change from the typical chromosome number for a species may be accompanied by changes—sometimes drastic—in the organism. For instance, in humans,