Define sequential evolution

Patrick P. Edger, Michelle Tang, Kevin A. Bird, Dustin R. Mayfield, Gavin Conant, Klaus Mummenhoff, Marcus A. Koch, J. Chris Pires , 'Secondary Structure Analyses of the Nuclear rRNA Internal Transcribed Spacers and Assessment of Its Phylogenetic Utility across the Brassicaceae (Mustards)', PLoS ONE The rate of Christopher Irwin Smith, Shantel Tank, William Godsoe, Jim Levenick, Eva Strand, Todd Esque, Olle Pellmyr , 'Comparative Phylogeography of a Coevolved Community: Concerted Population Expansions in Joshua Trees and Four Yucca Moths', PLoS ONE Rates of sequence evolution were established based on previously

Keras • Overview • The Sequential model • The Functional API • Training & evaluation with the built-in methods • Making new layers and models via subclassing • Serialization and saving • Working with preprocessing layers • Customizing what happens in fit() • Writing a training loop from scratch • Working with RNNs • Understanding masking & padding • Writing your own callbacks • Transfer learning & fine-tuning • Multi-GPU and distributed training • Appendix • Version compatibility • Introduction • TensorFlow • For JavaScript • For Mobile & Edge • For Production • TensorFlow (v2.12.0) • Versions… • TensorFlow.js • TensorFlow Lite • TFX • Models & datasets • Tools • Libraries & extensions • TensorFlow Certificate program • Learn ML • Responsible AI • Join • Blog • Forum ↗ • Groups • Contribute • About • Case studies Author: View on TensorFlow.org Run in Google Colab View source on GitHub View on keras.io Setup import tensorflow as tf from tensorflow import keras from tensorflow.keras import layers 2023-01-14 02:19:19.903296: W tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:64] Could not load dynamic library 'libnvinfer.so.7'; dlerror: libnvinfer.so.7: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 2023-01-14 02:19:19.903386: W tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:64] Could not load dynamic library 'libnvinfer_plugin.so.7'; dlerror: libnvinfer_plugin.so.7: cannot open shared object file: No such file or direc...

Amphibians have undergone important evolutionary transitions in reproductive modes and life-cycles. We compare large-scale macroevolutionary patterns in these transitions across the three major amphibian clades: frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. We analyse matching reproductive and phylogenetic data for 4025 species. We find that having aquatic larvae is ancestral for all three groups and is retained by many extant species (33–44%). The most frequent transitions in each group are to relatively uncommon states: live-bearing in caecilians, paedomorphosis in salamanders, and semi-terrestriality in frogs. All three groups show transitions to more terrestrial reproductive modes, but only in caecilians have these evolved sequentially from most-to-least aquatic. Diversification rates are largely independent of reproductive modes. However, in salamanders direct development accelerates diversification whereas paedomorphosis decreases it. Overall, we find a widespread retention of ancestral modes, decoupling of trait transition rates from patterns of species richness, and the general independence of reproductive modes and diversification. Species richness per amphibian group (top bar chart where Anura: dark blue gray, Caudata: mint green, Gymnophiona: lilac, and 1k = 1000 species) and frequencies of reproductive modes per group (percentages as pie charts), and per family (numbers of species as stacked bars on phylogeny). Reproductive modes are represented as blue = aquatic; dark g...

Menu • Home • Evolution 101 • An introduction to evolution: what is evolution and how does it work? • The history of life: looking at the patterns – Change over time and shared ancestors • Mechanisms: the processes of evolution – Selection, mutation, migration, and more • Microevolution – Evolution within a population • Speciation – How new species arise • Macroevolution – Evolution above the species level • The big issues – Pacing, diversity, complexity, and trends • Teach Evolution • Lessons and teaching tools • Teaching Resources • Image Library • Using research profiles with students • Active-learning slides for instruction • Using Evo in the News with students • Guide to Evo 101 and Digging Data • Conceptual framework • Alignment with the Next Generation Science Standards • • Teaching guides • K-2 teaching guide • 3-5 teaching guide • 6-8 teaching guide • 9-12 teaching guide • Undergraduate teaching guide • • Misconceptions about evolution • • Dealing with objections to evolution • Information on controversies in the public arena relating to evolution • Learn Evolution Are you a boy or a girl? That seems like an easy question to answer, but for some fishes — such as the clownfish, a member of the (PER-suh-FOR-meez) — it’s not so straightforward. In most In some hermaphrodites, the animal starts out as one sex and switches to the other sex later in its life. This is known as sequential hermaphroditism, contrasting with simultaneous hermaphroditism, in which the animal ...

Understanding the Sequential Evaluation Process The Sequential Evaluation Process When evaluating a claim for Social Security Disability or Supplemental Security Income, the Social Security Administration (SSA) applies a step-by-step process involving five questions, or steps. (20 CFR §§ 404.1520a; 416.920). This is commonly referred to as the “sequential evaluation process: At step one of the sequential evaluation process the SSA inquires whether the individual applying for benefits is working. If the individual is currently working the SSA will examine how much the individual is earning per month. Typically if an individual’s monthly gross (prior to taxes being taken out) income in 2012 is greater than $1,010 he or she will not be considered disabled. There are exceptions to this rule, which will be addressed in another blog post, however, this is the general rule. If the person is not working or earnings are below the $1,010 cut-off, the SSA proceeds to step two. At step two, the SSA will determine if the individual applying for benefits has what is referred to as a “medically determinable impairment” that is severe, or a combination of impairments that are severe. An impairment, either mental or physical, is considered “severe” if it significantly limits an individual’s ability to perform basic work activities. (20 CFR §§ 404.1521; 416.921). Some of the basic work activities considered are physical functions such as walking, standing, sitting, lifting, pushing, pulling...

Definition of Speciation Speciation is a process within evolution that leads to the formation of new, distinct species that are reproductively isolated from one another. Anagenesis, or ‘phyletic evolution’, occurs when evolution acts to create new species, which are distinct from their ancestors, along a single lineage, through gradual changes in physical or genetic traits. In this instance, there is no split in the phylogenetic tree. Conversely, ‘speciation’ or cladogenesis arises from a splitting event, where a parent species is split into two distinct species, often as the result of geographic isolation or another driving force involving the separation of populations. The reproductive isolation that is integral to the process of speciation occurs due to reproductive barriers, which are formed as a consequence of genetic, behavioral or physical differences arising between the new species. These are either pre-zygotic (pre-mating) mechanisms, for example, differences in courtship rituals, non-compatible genitalia, or gametes, which are unable to fertilize between species. Alternatively, they are post-zygotic (post-mating), for example zygote mortality or the production of sterile offspring. Reproductive isolation leads to reinforcement of the distinction between species through natural selection and sexual selection. Types of Speciation Allopatric Speciation Allopatric speciation occurs when members of a population become geographically isolated from one another, to the e...