Iltutmish history

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • bce) • bce to c. 1200 ce • • • bce • • bce) • bce • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • bce to 300 ce • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ce • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • peshwas • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • When Quṭb al-Dīn Aybak assumed authority over the Ghūrid possessions in India, he moved from the neighbourhood of Quṭb al-Dīn was the first ruler in what has become known, perhaps unreasonably, as the The sultans thus not only kept a close watch over the slave market but also commissioned slave merchants as state agents. Sultan Shams al-Dīn mamlūk, sent a merchant to Samarkand, Bukhara, and Tirmiz to purchase young slaves on his behalf. Consolidation of the sultanate During his reign, Iltutmish was faced with three problems: defense of his western frontier, control over the Muslim Nāṣir al-Dīn Qabācha, another of Muḥammad of Ghūr’s former slaves, maintained a In the east in 1225, Iltutmish launched a successful campaign against Ghiyāth al-Dīn ʿIwāz Khaljī, one of Bhaktiyār Khaljī’s lieutenants, who had assumed Balka, the last of the K...

Shams-ud-din Iltutmish Shams-ud-din Iltutmish was one of the most powerful Sultan of Slave Dynasty. Shams-ud-din Iltutmish ascended the throne of Delhi Sultanate at Delhi in 1211 AD. Early life: Though he was born in the family of a noble Ilbani Turk of Central Asia, he was sold in his boyhood as slave by his envious brothers. Later on he was resold to Qutub-ud-din Aibak. He was handsome and promising young chap for whom even Muhammad of Ghur had a soft corner. Qutub-ud-din made him the Amir Shikar or master of the royal hunt. In later days, Qutub-ud-din gave his daughter in marriage to him and appointed him the governor of Badaun. Accession to the throne: Iltutmish had his own supporters. After Qutub-ud-din’s death the throne of the Delhi Sultanate had some claimants. Iltutmish was the candidate of the nobility and officials of Delhi which had assumed the position of the premier city of Hindustan. His chief rival Aram Shah was supported by a party at Lahore. However, Iltutmish gained the kingship in 1211 A.D. Early Challenges and difficulties faced by Iltutmish: From the very beginning Iltutmish had many difficulties. At that time the Sultanate of Delhi was almost non-existent. Iltutmish found himself master of Delhi and Badaun and the outlying districts extending from Banaras in the east to the Sivalik hills on the west. But Punjab was against him. The overlord of Multan Kubachah had extended his kingdom to include Bhatinda, Kuhram and Sarasuti. Taking advantage of the q...

Shamsuddin Iltutmish was a slave of Qutubuddin Aibek, the Sultan of Delhi. Iltutmish’s father was a high-ranking noble of the Ilbari tribe of Turks. After passing through many hands, he was, finally, purchased by Qutubuddin Aibek in Delhi at a phenomenal price. Iltutmish is said to have acquired good education and wide knowledge of the Islamic world during the early days of his hardship. That is why he soon rose to be the amir-e-shikar and son-in-law of his master within a decade. He became governor of the iqtas of Gwalior and Baran (Bulandshahar) in succession. In 1206, he held the charge of Badaun as one of the most reliable lieutenants of Aibek. The Turkish nobility of Delhi did not endorse the hereditary succession of Aram Shah, an inept and unpopular ruler. They invited Iltutmish from Badaun to take up their leadership as Sultan. Aram Shah refused to abdicate but was vanquished and dethroned by Iltutmish in 1211. Real Founder of Delhi Sultanate Iltutmish was the real founder of the Delhi Sultanate. He made Delhi his seat of governance in preference to Lahore. He proved to be a very strong and competent ruler who enjoyed a fairly long reign of twenty-six years. Iltutmish fortified the foundations of the infant Turkish state in northern India by warding it from internal forces. With effect from 1211, the centre of political gravity shifted to Delhi. Iltutmish did not permit Delhi to be drawn into the central Asian politics. By his diplomatic stroke, he saved himself fro...

Founder/Real founder of the Delhi Sultanate: Achievements of Aibak (1206 to 1210): It appears that quite a large number of historians have been very generous to Iltutmish in their praise and rather unfair to Aibak. It is usually forgotten that had there been no Aibak there would not have been any Sultan by the name of Iltutmish. There is no doubt that Qutab-ud-din Aibak founded the Mameluk of Slave Dynasty which had eleven rulers who ruled over Delhi from 1206 to 1290. Mameluk means a slave born of free parents. Iltutmish strengthened the Sultanate founded by his predecessor. ADVERTISEMENTS: Main achievements of Aibak are as under: 1. It was Aibak who rendered a very useful service to Mohammad Ghori in the battle of Tarain. It was an important event which changed the course of Indian history. 2. Again it was Aibak who conquered the area of Hansi, Delhi and Ranthambore in the absence of Mohammad Ghori. ADVERTISEMENTS: 3. It was Aibak who helped Ghori to defeat Jaichand of Kanauj. 4. Not only this he defeated Bhimdeva II of Anhilwara who on one occasion had defeated Ghori. Aibak thus avenged the defeat of his master. 5. After Ghori’s death, Aibak had declared himself the ruler of his Indian possessions and he protected and extended’ the Delhi Sultanate. 6. By marriage diplomacy Aibak was able to overpower the difficulties that he faced in founding the empire. He entered into marriage alliances with three of the most important Turk nobles i.e. Qubacha, Yilduz and Iltutmish. A...

Balban was an Ilbari Turk. His original name was Bahauddin. In his youth he was imprisoned and sold as a slave in Baghdad by the Mogols. Then Iltutmish purchased him from his master in 1233. He enjoyed high posts during Iltutmish and Razia’s reign, but he proved treacherous and played an important role to depose Razia from the throne. Bahram Shah and Masud Shah also gave him enormous importance. Then vazir Abu bakr appointed him Amir- i- Hajib and from that position he got the opportunity to consolidate his position among ‘the forty’ (the Turkish nobles). Balban was one of the greatest Sultans of Delhi. A great warrior, administrator and statesman, he established an absolute monarchy and consolidated the Turkish rule in northern India. He did not resort to the fresh conquests but kept a firm hold over the territories heritage of his illustrious master, Iltutmish. Balban protected the Sultanate from internal disorder and external danger from the Mongols. He restored perfect law and order within his dominion and crushed the insubordinate officials and anti- social elements with an iron hand. He not only propounded the theory of divine rights of kingship but also possessed a high sense of the sovereign’s duty. He was extremely conscious and hardworking man. He administered even- handed justice to the public and showed no mercy even to his kith and kin if found guilty. His punishments were rather excessive and cruel which struck terror in the hearts of the people. A strong dis...

“The history of Muslim sovereignty in India, properly speaking, begins with Iltutmish. It was he who gave the country a capital, an independent state, a monarchical form of government and a governing class. Among his other achievements, beautification of the city of Delhi as well as execution of a better administration in the country were important”-Dr. R.P. Tripathy. Iltutmish was the first real Turkish Sultan of Delhi. After the death of Qutb-ud-din Aibak, his inefficient Son Aram Shah was placed on the throne by his officers at Lahore. image source: file2.answcdn.com/answ-cld/image/upload/w_760,c_fill,g_faces:center,q_60/v1401075695/o6s8pan5mq72lgaix9lc.jpg But his candidature was opposed by the nobles of Delhi. High officials including Turkish nobles at Delhi decided to invite Iltutmish, the Son-in-law of Aibak to succeed him. Iltutmish was more efficient as well as a capable military commander. He was by then the governor of Badaun. Iltutmish who was eagerly awaiting this opportunity, responded to their call very promptly and reached Delhi and assumed sovereign powers. Aram Shah marched towards Delhi with a vast army but Iltutmish defeated and killed him. He is said to have ruled only for eight months. After this inglorious period of eight months rule of Aram Shah, there started a glorious period of Iltutmish in 1211 A.D. which continued for a long period till he died on 1236. To his credit, he was the first Sultan of India who was recognized by the Khalifa. He was su...

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In this article we will discuss about the career of Sultan Iltutmish and difficulties faced by him. Iltutmish was the first real Turkish Sultan of Delhi. He was recognised as such not by any Sultan of Ghur but by the Khalifa. Besides, he succeeded in killing both Yildiz and Qabacha, the claimants of suzerain power of Delhi, consolidated the Turkish power in north India, saved Delhi Sultanate from the invasion of the Mongols, tried to break up the power of the Rajput chiefs, made his family rule hereditary, issued coins in his name and made Delhi beautiful and respectable as a fit capital of Turkish dominions in India. Early Career of Sultan Iltutmish: Shams-ud-din Iltutmish was born of Turkish parents of the Ilbari tribe of Central Asia. He was handsome and intelligent and his father loved him very much. His envious brothers sold him as a slave while he was yet a child. His master Jamal-ud-din took him to Ghazni where Sultan Muhammad desired to purchase him. But Jamal-ud-din asked for more than what the Sultan desired to pay. Therefore, the Sultan forbade to sell Iltutmish in Ghazni. Iltutmish was then taken to Delhi where Qutb-ud-din Aibak purchased him. Iltutmish proved his worth and rose to higher positions by his own merit. He got promotions one after another till he became the master of the hunt (Amir-i-Shikar). ADVERTISEMENTS: Then he was sent as incharge of the fort of Gwalior. After that he got the governorship of Baran (Bulandshahr), was married to the daughter of...

In this article we will discuss about the career of Sultan Iltutmish and difficulties faced by him. Iltutmish was the first real Turkish Sultan of Delhi. He was recognised as such not by any Sultan of Ghur but by the Khalifa. Besides, he succeeded in killing both Yildiz and Qabacha, the claimants of suzerain power of Delhi, consolidated the Turkish power in north India, saved Delhi Sultanate from the invasion of the Mongols, tried to break up the power of the Rajput chiefs, made his family rule hereditary, issued coins in his name and made Delhi beautiful and respectable as a fit capital of Turkish dominions in India. Early Career of Sultan Iltutmish: Shams-ud-din Iltutmish was born of Turkish parents of the Ilbari tribe of Central Asia. He was handsome and intelligent and his father loved him very much. His envious brothers sold him as a slave while he was yet a child. His master Jamal-ud-din took him to Ghazni where Sultan Muhammad desired to purchase him. But Jamal-ud-din asked for more than what the Sultan desired to pay. Therefore, the Sultan forbade to sell Iltutmish in Ghazni. Iltutmish was then taken to Delhi where Qutb-ud-din Aibak purchased him. Iltutmish proved his worth and rose to higher positions by his own merit. He got promotions one after another till he became the master of the hunt (Amir-i-Shikar). ADVERTISEMENTS: Then he was sent as incharge of the fort of Gwalior. After that he got the governorship of Baran (Bulandshahr), was married to the daughter of...

Shamsuddin Iltutmish was a slave of Qutubuddin Aibek, the Sultan of Delhi. Iltutmish’s father was a high-ranking noble of the Ilbari tribe of Turks. After passing through many hands, he was, finally, purchased by Qutubuddin Aibek in Delhi at a phenomenal price. Iltutmish is said to have acquired good education and wide knowledge of the Islamic world during the early days of his hardship. That is why he soon rose to be the amir-e-shikar and son-in-law of his master within a decade. He became governor of the iqtas of Gwalior and Baran (Bulandshahar) in succession. In 1206, he held the charge of Badaun as one of the most reliable lieutenants of Aibek. The Turkish nobility of Delhi did not endorse the hereditary succession of Aram Shah, an inept and unpopular ruler. They invited Iltutmish from Badaun to take up their leadership as Sultan. Aram Shah refused to abdicate but was vanquished and dethroned by Iltutmish in 1211. Real Founder of Delhi Sultanate Iltutmish was the real founder of the Delhi Sultanate. He made Delhi his seat of governance in preference to Lahore. He proved to be a very strong and competent ruler who enjoyed a fairly long reign of twenty-six years. Iltutmish fortified the foundations of the infant Turkish state in northern India by warding it from internal forces. With effect from 1211, the centre of political gravity shifted to Delhi. Iltutmish did not permit Delhi to be drawn into the central Asian politics. By his diplomatic stroke, he saved himself fro...