Risk factors of anemia

Overview Woman drinking liquid with inset of digestive system (center) and (left) detail on normal and abnormal B-12 absorption process. What is pernicious anemia? Pernicious (per-nish-uhs) anemia, one of the causes of vitamin B12 deficiency, is an autoimmune condition that prevents your body from absorbing vitamin B12. Without adequate vitamin B12, you have fewer red blood cells carrying oxygen throughout your body. You can have pernicious anemia for several years before noticing changes in your body. Left untreated, pernicious anemia can cause serious medical issues, including irreversible damage to your How does pernicious anemia affect my body? The term “pernicious” means harmful, and pernicious anemia causes harm to several body systems: • • Nervous system damage that causes muscle weakness, numbness or tingling in your hands and feet, memory loss and dementia. • Heart problems that can cause • Weakness and fatigue. Who is affected by pernicious anemia? Pernicious anemia typically affects people aged 60 to 80 of Northern European descent. Pernicious anemia is estimated to affect 151 in 100,000 people in the United States. Symptoms and Causes What are pernicious anemia symptoms? Generally speaking, the longer you go without adequate vitamin B12, the more serious your symptoms are. Early on, people may have mild symptoms they may think are caused by other common conditions. Examples include: • • Lightheadedness when standing up or with exertion. • Loss of appetite. • Pa...

Abstract Background. Anemia is a widespread public health problem associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Infants, under-5-year-old children, and pregnant women have greater susceptibility to anemia. The magnitude and associated risk factors for anemia vary in different settings. The study aimed to assess the magnitude, severity, and associated factors of anemia at Hawassa University Teaching and Referral hospital, Hawassa, southern Ethiopia. Methods. In a hospital-based cross-sectional study, a total of 422 under-five children were included. Sociodemographic data and other predisposing factors were collected by structured questionnaire. Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for hemoglobin determination using a Cell-Dyn 1800 automated analyzer. Stool samples were collected and processed using direct wet mount and formol-ether concentration method to detect intestinal parasites. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical packages. Binary and multiple logistic regressions were computed to assess factors associated with anemia. value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Result. The overall prevalence of anemia was found to be 41.7%. The mean hemoglobin level was 10.59 g/dl. Anemia was of mild, moderate, and severe type in 6.6%, 19%, and 16.1% of the children, respectively. Children in the age group 6–23 months (AOR = 2.04 (95% CI: 1.13, 3.69)), and mothers having no formal education (AOR = 1.73 (95% CI: 0.9...

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), menorrhagia is menstrual bleeding that lasts seven or more days. Menorrhagia also refers to heavy bleeding, which according to the CDC can be determined if you need to change a pad or tampon after less than two hours or if there are quarter-size or larger clots. Inflammatory Conditions According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, many different chronic conditions that can lead to inflammation may also cause IDA. Inflammation causes the liver to make more of a hormone called hepcidin. This hormone will stop iron from leaving cells where it is stored and absorbed in the first part of the small intestine. Females between the ages of 15–49 have a higher risk for iron deficiency compared to males of the same age group. You are especially vulnerable if you experience heavy menstrual periods. Risks are also greater during pregnancy, after delivery, and while breastfeeding. Genetics Family and genetics may play a part in the development of IDA. Two inherited conditions— • Infants between 6 to 12 months are especially vulnerable to IDA if they are only fed breast milk or formula that is not iron-fortified. Babies who are born prematurely might be at a higher risk for IDA, as well as babies who drink cow’s milk before 12 months, rather than breast milk or iron-fortified formula. • Children 1 to 2 years of age are also vulnerable to IDA if they consume a lot of cow’s milk. This is because cow’s milk is ...