Protozoa Feeding, Reproduction and Parasitic adaptations with suitable examples. Economic importance of Protozoa. Theories on Origin and evolution of Metazoa. Porifera Functional morphology of Freshwater sponges with suitable examples. Marine sponges. Reproduction in sponges. Systematic position and Affinities.

Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms lacking a cell wall and belonging to the Kingdom Protista. Although there are nearly 20,000 species of protozoa, relatively few cause disease; most inhabit soil and water. Protozoa reproduce asexually by the following means: fission: One cell splits into two.

They may be holozoic, saprobic, or parasitic. These are divided into four major groups. (1) Amoeboid protozoa or sarcodines They are unicellular, jelly-like protozoa found in fresh or sea water and in moist soil. Their body lacks a periplast. Therefore, they may be naked or covered by a calcareous shell.

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Click here👆to get an answer to your question ️ Use Whittaker method to classify bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes.

Spores are formed as a natural part of an organism's life. An organism that produces spores will always produce spores as a part of its life cycle. Cysts, on the other hand, are formed only when life-threatening conditions occur. If no life-threatening conditions occur over the course of an organism's lifetime, it will never form a cyst.

Solution 1 Protozoa are microscopic unicellular protists with heterotrophic mode of nutrition. They may be holozoic, saprobic, or parasitic. These are divided into four major groups. (1) Amoeboid protozoa or sarcodines They are unicellular, jelly-like protozoa found in fresh or sea water and in moist soil. Their body lacks a periplast.

The four major groups of Protozoa are: • Amoeboid protozoans: These organisms live in fresh water, sea water or moist soil. They move and capture their prey by putting out pseudopodia (false feet) as in Amoeba. Flagellated protozoans: The members of this group are either free-living or parasitic. They have flagella.

The protozoan cell; Characteristics of locomotion. Flagellar propulsion; Cilium structure and beat; Amoeboid movement; Respiration and other energy-generating pathways. Aerobic protozoans; Anaerobic protozoans. Hydrogenosomes; Mitosomes and glycosomes; Carbon acquisition and nutrition. Mechanisms of food ingestion; Food vacuoles; Food selection.

. (Show more) See all related content → Plasmodium, a genus of parasitic protozoans of the sporozoan subclass Coccidia that are the causative organisms of malaria. Plasmodium, which infects red blood cells in mammals (including humans), birds, and reptiles, occurs worldwide, especially in tropical and temperate zones.

Notes Microorganisms Microorganisms- A living organism that is very minute to be seen by the naked eye, especially a single celled organism, such as a bacterium is called microorganism. Microorganisms are classified into four major groups mainly bacteria, fungi, protozoa and some algae.

Hence, the subkingdom Protozoa is now considered obsolete. Today the term protozoan is used informally in reference to nonfilamentous heterotrophic protists. Commonly known protozoans include representative dinoflagellates, amoebas, paramecia, and the malaria -causing Plasmodium.