Smallest phylum in animal kingdom

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\( \newcommand\) • • • • • • • • • What has more species than any other animal phylum? Arthropods are not only the largest phylum of invertebrates. They are by far the largest phylum of the animal kingdom. Roughly 80 percent of all animal species living on Earth today are arthropods. Obviously, arthropods have been extremely successful. What accounts for their success? Arthropods There are more than a million known species of arthropods. There may actually be ten times that many. Arthropods include insects, spiders, lobsters, and centipedes. The arthropods pictured in Figure Arthropod Diversity. Dust mites are among the smallest of arthropods. Japanese spider crabs are the largest. Besides size, what other differences among arthropods do you see in these photos? Structure and Function of Arthropods Arthropods range in length from about 1 millimeter to 4 meters (about 13 feet). They have a segmented body with a hard exoskeleton. They also have jointed appendages. The body segments are the head, thorax, and abdomen (see Figure Arthropod Body Plan. Notice the three body segments of each organism. The arthropod exoskeleton consists of several layers of cuticle. The exoskeleton prevents molting. The jointed appendages of arthropods may be used as legs for walking. Being jointed makes them more flexible. Try walking or climbing stairs without bending your knees, and you’ll see why joints are helpful. In most arthropods, the appendages on the head have been modified for other fu...

The principle of scientific classification of various species was introduced by Carl Linnaeus (or Carolus Linnaeus), who is called the father of modern taxonomy. Animal kingdom classification is not a job for the faint-hearted, for it is a really long list of classes and subclasses, many of which are named in Latin. There are millions of animal species on the Earth, and they are segregated under the kingdom Animalia, which in turn is divided into subkingdoms, infrakingdoms, superphyla, and phyla. Each phylum is further divided into class, order, family, genus, and species. So, all animals ranging from single-celled microorganisms to highly complex, multi-celled organisms are classified into different phyla. It will definitely not be easy to capture 3.5 billion years of evolution in one small article, but let’s give it a shot. My attempt at this categorization should help you with the basics. Please note that this article will only explain the main phyla, and not the class, order, family, genus, and species. The term ‘phylum’ is defined as a taxonomic category that ranks above class and below kingdom. In general, it can be said that animals with similar body plans are classified in a particular phylum. The kingdom Animalia is divided into three main sections – Subkingdoms Radiata and Bilateria, and Phylum Myxozoa. The Subkingdom Radiata has four phyla, whereas Subkingdom Bilateria is divided into two infrakingdoms – Deuterostomia and Protostomia. Infrakingdom Deuterostomia ...

Millions of living things inhabit our planet, but did you know that they are divided into five separate kingdoms? Some, like animals and plants, are visible to the naked eye; but others, like bacteria, can only be seen under a microscope. Let's delve into the world of the five kingdoms of nature and find out a bit more about them. Nobody knows for certain when, how or why life began on Earth, but Aristotle observed 2,400 years ago that all the planet's biodiversity was of animal or plant origin. This initial observation by the Greek philosopher was expanded in the 19th and 20th centuries by the discovery of new kingdoms, finally arriving at today's widely-recognised five, which cover the 8.7 million species that live on Earth, according to estimates by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). WHAT IS A KINGDOM IN BIOLOGY The system of biological kingdoms is the way in which science classifies living things according to their ancestry over the course of evolution. This means that all the species that make up these five large groups - some recent theories split them further into six or even seven - have common ancestors and therefore share some of their genes and belong to the same family tree. As well as the kingdoms of living things there are other taxonomic categories within the same classification system such as, for instance, domain, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. They all follow a hierarchical order and are dependent on each other, so some div...

Classification of Animals and Plants There are millions of Classification of animals helps us to understand their characteristics, as well as their differences with other organisms. The best-known organisms are the animals. In scientific terminology, they are grouped under the Kingdom Animalia, better known as the Animal Kingdom. Let us learn more about this famous Kingdom! Animal Kingdom Kingdom Animalia consists of organisms that range from the simplest of the animal forms to the most complex. At one end of this classification of animals, you have the microscopic organisms. And at the other end, you see animals that you probably come across in your daily life. You and your friends, for example, are members of the Animal Kingdom. Your pet dog, bird, cat or even those pesky insects that you find in the gardens are all part of this gigantic kingdom. Scientifically speaking, all organisms that belong to this Kingdom are The Different Phyla Classification of animals is termed as Kingdom Animalia. It is further divided into different phyla. These are nothing but divisions in which animals/organisms with the same characteristics are included under them. Apart from the primary distinguishing features of the Animal Kingdom (Eukaryotic, Multicellular, without a cell wall and heterotrophic); each phylum has organisms that have common characteristics. In the classification of animals chart, they move from the simplest to the most complex. The different phyla in the classification of...

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\( \newcommand\) • • • • • Skills to Develop • Describe the features that characterized the earliest animals and when they appeared on earth • Explain the significance of the Cambrian period for animal evolution and the changes in animal diversity that took place during that time • Describe some of the unresolved questions surrounding the Cambrian explosion • Discuss the implications of mass animal extinctions that have occurred in evolutionary history Many questions regarding the origins and evolutionary history of the animal kingdom continue to be researched and debated, as new fossil and molecular evidence change prevailing theories. Some of these questions include the following: How long have animals existed on Earth? What were the earliest members of the animal kingdom, and what organism was their common ancestor? While animal diversity increased during the Cambrian period of the Paleozoic era, 530 million years ago, modern fossil evidence suggests that primitive animal species existed much earlier. Pre-Cambrian Animal Life The time before the Cambrian period is known as the Ediacaran period (from about 635 million years ago to 543 million years ago), the final period of the late Proterozoic Neoproterozoic Era (Figure \(\PageIndex\): Fossils of (a) Cyclomedusa and (b) Dickinsonia date to 650 million years ago, during the Ediacaran period. (credit: modification of work by “Smith609”/Wikimedia Commons) Another recent fossil discovery may represent the earliest animal sp...

The principle of scientific classification of various species was introduced by Carl Linnaeus (or Carolus Linnaeus), who is called the father of modern taxonomy. Animal kingdom classification is not a job for the faint-hearted, for it is a really long list of classes and subclasses, many of which are named in Latin. There are millions of animal species on the Earth, and they are segregated under the kingdom Animalia, which in turn is divided into subkingdoms, infrakingdoms, superphyla, and phyla. Each phylum is further divided into class, order, family, genus, and species. So, all animals ranging from single-celled microorganisms to highly complex, multi-celled organisms are classified into different phyla. It will definitely not be easy to capture 3.5 billion years of evolution in one small article, but let’s give it a shot. My attempt at this categorization should help you with the basics. Please note that this article will only explain the main phyla, and not the class, order, family, genus, and species. The term ‘phylum’ is defined as a taxonomic category that ranks above class and below kingdom. In general, it can be said that animals with similar body plans are classified in a particular phylum. The kingdom Animalia is divided into three main sections – Subkingdoms Radiata and Bilateria, and Phylum Myxozoa. The Subkingdom Radiata has four phyla, whereas Subkingdom Bilateria is divided into two infrakingdoms – Deuterostomia and Protostomia. Infrakingdom Deuterostomia ...

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\( \newcommand\) • • • • • • • • • What has more species than any other animal phylum? Arthropods are not only the largest phylum of invertebrates. They are by far the largest phylum of the animal kingdom. Roughly 80 percent of all animal species living on Earth today are arthropods. Obviously, arthropods have been extremely successful. What accounts for their success? Arthropods There are more than a million known species of arthropods. There may actually be ten times that many. Arthropods include insects, spiders, lobsters, and centipedes. The arthropods pictured in Figure Arthropod Diversity. Dust mites are among the smallest of arthropods. Japanese spider crabs are the largest. Besides size, what other differences among arthropods do you see in these photos? Structure and Function of Arthropods Arthropods range in length from about 1 millimeter to 4 meters (about 13 feet). They have a segmented body with a hard exoskeleton. They also have jointed appendages. The body segments are the head, thorax, and abdomen (see Figure Arthropod Body Plan. Notice the three body segments of each organism. The arthropod exoskeleton consists of several layers of cuticle. The exoskeleton prevents molting. The jointed appendages of arthropods may be used as legs for walking. Being jointed makes them more flexible. Try walking or climbing stairs without bending your knees, and you’ll see why joints are helpful. In most arthropods, the appendages on the head have been modified for other fun...