What helped in the colonisation of asian and african countries

The Vatican has recalled a postage stamp promoting this year’s World Youth Day in Portugal following complaints that it celebrated Portugal’s colonial empire and the nationalist dictatorship of Antonio Salazar at a time when the Holy See has been atoning for colonial-era abuses Western colonialism, a political-economic phenomenon whereby various European nations explored, conquered, settled, and exploited large areas of the world. The age of modern colonialism began about 1500, following the European discoveries of a sea route around Africa’s southern coast (1488) and of European expansion before 1763 Antecedents of European expansion Early European The Oriental land and sea routes terminated at ports in the Crimea, until 1461 at Trebizond (now Trabzon, Turkey), Constantinople (now Istanbul), Asiatic Tripoli (in modern Lebanon), Antioch (in modern Turkey), Beirut (in modern Lebanon), and Alexandria (Egypt), where Italian galleys exchanged European for Eastern products. Competition between Mediterranean nations for control of Asiatic commerce gradually narrowed to a contest between Overland routes were not wholly closed, but the Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The Venetians distributed these expensive condiments throughout the Mediterranean region and northern Europe; they were shipped to the latter first by pack trains up the Rhône Valley and, after 1314, by Flanders’ galleys to the Early Renaissance Europe was short of cash mone...

Colonialism in Asia and Africa Introduction Colonialism is a process of domination, involving the subjugation of one people by another. Like colonialism, imperialism, also involves political and economic control over a dependent territory. The Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy differentiates the two as follows: The term colony comes from the Latin word colonus, meaning farmer. This root indicates that the practice of colonialism usually involved the transfer of population to a new territory, where the arrivals lived as permanent settlers while maintaining political allegiance to their country of origin. Imperialism, on the other hand, (from the Latin term imperium, meaning to command) draws attention to the way one country exercises power over another, whether through settlement, sovereignty, or indirect mechanisms of control. In world history, no continent possessed so many colonies and justified their access to the world by means of a civilising mission as did modern Europe. Practically the whole non-Western world was under one European power or the other for about four centuries until decolonisation happened after World War II. Unable to reconcile the ideas of justice and natural law with colonial practice, especially the sovereignty of Europeans over non-Westerners, some political philosophers defended colonialism and imperialism arguing that their action was a civilizing mission. The rationale was that a temporary period of political dependence or tutelage was nece...

Historians divide history into large and small units in order to make characteristics and changes clear to themselves and to students. It’s important to remember that any historical period is a construction and a simplification. In Asia, because of its huge land mass and multiple diverse cultures, there are several overlapping timelines. Also, for the same reason, different regions have different histories, but they all intersect — in myriad ways — at different points in history. Below are some important basics to get you started. Unfamiliar with the term “North Asia”? There is a historical explanation. North Asia is better known as Eurasia, coinciding largely with Siberia, which became a part of Russia in the 17th century. “North Asia” is still an under-explored area within studies of Asia because historically it has been integral to studies of Russia, a transcontinental country whose leaders nevertheless endeavored to shape it as a European power. West Asia, comprising Iraq (in ancient times, Mesopotamia), Iran (whose territory previously encompassed Persia), Syria and the Eastern Mediterranean (today’s Cyprus, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Gaza Strip, and West Bank), the Arabian Peninsula (comprising Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and the United Arab Emirates), and Anatolia and the Caucasus (today’s Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia). Central and West Asia are better known as the “Near East” and the “Middle East”. By the same logic, East...

Table of Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • What was colonization? Colonialization is the action by which a foreign power occupies another country, and then exploit the economic resources of the occupied country for benefit of their native land (foreign country). What led to European Colonisation in Asia and Africa? Following the occupation of Constantinople by Ottoman Turks (1453), empires of western Europe (Spain and Portugal) was forced to find alternate sea routes to the East (China and India). These empires were later supplanted by the industrial powers – Britain and France. Germany and Italy also entered the scene towards the end of the nineteenth century. They stumbled upon the Americas (Columbus, 1492) and realised the huge potential of controlling colonies through which they can source merchandise for trade cheaply. This led to establishing trade routes with countries of Western Africa, India, Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) etc. Since they controlled the high seas, they were able to influence the trading policies of these countries. This gave them the incentive to interfere in the domestic politics of these countries. Phases of Colonisation: It is broadly divided into two phases – Mercantile and Industrial phases. Mercantile Phase: • This is called as Mercantilism because the major motto of colonial powers was to establish supremacy in trading relationships. They sought to source merchandise cheaply and sell it at a premium in European markets. • They control...

Arkebe Oqubay Senior Minister and Special Adviser to the Prime Minister of Ethiopia - Government of Ethiopia Distinguished Fellow - Overseas Development Institute Diversity in development and growth trajectory The Asian experience shows that diversity in development paths is the rule rather than the exception. While there are some discernible patterns, generally, Asia’s transformation illustrates the diverse paths that countries have taken in their development. In this way, the lessons for African countries are threefold: First, there is no prescribed path or magic wand that can be leveled as the “Asian model” and applied elsewhere; second, even late latecomers traveling along their own paths have the opportunity to catch up; and, finally, instead of searching for a “one-size-fits-all” model, African countries should discover and pursue their own economic development paths based on their own specific conditions and contexts. In fact, Africa’s recent experience confirms these lessons. For instance, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Ghana are examples of success stories over the last two decades. Notably, they each have taken different paths: The lesson for African countries is clear Nayyar’s book argues that Asia’s transformational journey toward industrialization required sustained technological capability and technological learning. The role of the state as a leader, catalyst, and supporter of economic development—albeit playing different roles in different sectors, countries, and dev...

UNDPPA ‘A unique platform’ The Special Committee is “a unique platform to promote the implementation of the Last year, the C-24 made every effort for the territories and others to engage and be heard. He drew attention to new working methods, that allow the Committee to hear first from the territories before considering related resolutions. The C-24 remains committed to the fulfilling its mandate, assured Mr. Rattray. He described transparent and constructive dialogue as “pivotal” in opening further opportunities which could see progress towards full decolonization. Guided by the the Secretariat will continue to support the Special Committee in its work to promote decolonization”, concluded the Chef de Cabinet. COVID in the mix The Under-Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Rosemary DiCarlo, pointed out that the “health, social and economic consequences of “Addressing these impacts requires improved global cooperation and solidarity”, including vaccine equity to enable COVID inoculations that are affordable and accessible to all, she said “ Vaccinationalism is self-defeating and will only delay global recovery”, added Ms. DiCarlo, encouraging countries to stick to the commitment to leave no-one behind. Constructive relationships ‘indispensable’ This session marks the beginning of the Fourth The Committee continues its efforts to implement the Declaration and is further determined to strengthen informal dialogues with “administering powers” – the count...

What helped in the colonisation of Asian and African countries? Identify the correct statement from the following options. • Intergovernmental policies for the expansion of trade • Governmental invite to the mother countries for expansion • Technology, investments and improvement in transport • Capitalists of these regions wanted trade with colonial powers Answer: So, the correct answer is (C) : Technology, investment, and improvements in transport. Explanation: • colonization encouraged additional investments and advancements in transport. • Faster rails, lighter wagons, and larger ships helped to deliver food more rapidly and affordably from distant farms to the markets. • These new technologies help them to colonize Asian and African countries.