What is hydrogenation what is its industrial application

Hint: Hydrogenation is an addition reaction. Explanation: Hydrogenation is the process of addition between hydrogen and other compounds in presence of a catalyst. For example: Alkene can be converted to alkane by using H 2 ​ in presence of metal catalyst such as P t , N i or P d C H 2 ​ = C H 2 ​ → C H 3 ​ C H 3 ​ The industrial applications are as follows; (a)To convert alkenes into alkanes. (b)To prepare vegetable ghee from vegetable oils. The hydrogenation reaction of triglycerides is as shown below; Match the reactions given in column (II) with the names given in column (I) Column-I Column-II (a) Hydrogenation reaction (i) C H 3 ​ C H 2 ​ O H + O 2 ​ → C O 2 ​ + H 2 ​ O (b) Substitution reaction (ii) C H 3 ​ O H + C H 3 ​ C O O H H + ​ C H 3 ​ C O O C H 3 ​ + H 2 ​ O (c) Neutralisation reaction (iii) C H 2 ​ = C H 2 ​ + H 2 ​ N i ​ C H 3 ​ − C H 3 ​ (d) Esterification reaction (iv) C H 3 ​ C O O H + N a O H → C H 3 ​ C O O N a + H 2 ​ O (e) Combustion reaction (v) C H 4 ​ + C l 2 ​ s u n l i g h t ​ C H 3 ​ C l + H C l

Hydrogenation is the chemical reaction between hydrogen and other compounds in the presence of catalyst. Hydrogenation is used mainly to reduce saturated hydrocarbons. Hydrogenation is an addition reaction.For Example:When ethene is heated with the catalyst nickel it is reduced to ethane. Industrial application: → Hydrogenation is used in many industrial applications. For example; in Petrochemical Industry, hydrogenation is used to convert alkenes into alkanes (paraffins) and cycloalkanes. →It is also used to prepare vegetable ghee from vegetable oils. Hydrogenation is the process of addinghydrogen to an unsaturated hydrocarbon forobtaining a saturated hydrocarbon in the presence ofa catalyst. Chemical reaction: `CR_2 = CR_2 + H_2 ` `HCR_2 - HCR_2` Industrial application: The hydrogenation process is used to make ghee (saturated fat)from vegetable oils (unsaturated fat).

Views: 5,692 Consider the following organic compounds: CH 3OH, C 2H 5OH, CH 3COCH 3, CH 3COOH, C 2H 5COOH, C 4H 9COOC 2H 5, CH 4, C 2H 6, CH 3CHO, HCHO Out of these compounds: (a) Which compound is most likely to be sweet-smelling? (b) Which compound on treatment with conc. H 2SO 4 at 170°C forms an alkene? (c) Which compound on repeated chlorination forms chloroform? (d) Which compound is added to alcohol to denature it? (e) Which compound is a constituent of vinegar? (f) Which compound is used to sterilise wounds and syringes?

• Afrikaans • العربية • বাংলা • Български • Bosanski • Català • Čeština • Deutsch • Eesti • Ελληνικά • Español • Euskara • فارسی • Français • Gaeilge • 한국어 • Հայերեն • हिन्दी • Bahasa Indonesia • Italiano • עברית • ქართული • Қазақша • Kurdî • Lietuvių • Magyar • മലയാളം • Bahasa Melayu • Nederlands • 日本語 • Norsk bokmål • Norsk nynorsk • Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча • Polski • Português • Română • Русский • Simple English • Slovenčina • Suomi • Svenska • ไทย • Türkçe • Українська • اردو • Tiếng Việt • 中文 (1) The reactants are 2 dissociates. (2) An H atom bonds to one C atom. The other C atom is still attached to the surface. (3) A second C atom bonds to an H atom. The molecule leaves the surface. Catalysed hydrogenation Process type Chemical Industrial sector(s) Food industry, Main technologies or sub-processes Various transition metal catalysts, high-pressure technology Feedstock Unsaturated Product(s) Saturated hydrocarbons and derivatives Inventor Year of invention 1897 Hydrogenation is a 2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a Process [ ] Hydrogenation has three components, the Related or competing reactions [ ] See also: The same catalysts and conditions that are used for hydrogenation reactions can also lead to Hydrogen sources [ ] For hydrogenation, the obvious source of hydrogen is H 2 gas itself, which is typically available commercially within the storage medium of a pressurized cylinder. The hydrogenation process often uses greater than 1 atmospher...

Hydrogen is recognised as a high purity premium product. Andy Brown describes some of its many roles There is significant, and understandable, focus today on the potential use of hydrogen as a substitute for natural gas for heating and electricity generation. Its principal advantages are seen as its high calorific value and the “carbon-free” nature of its combustion products (simplistically, water). To access these two assets, significant efforts are being made to produce hydrogen cost effectively in bulk, and to manage, or engineer a way out of, some of the downsides of simply burning it. These would include: • high flame temperature (leading to increased NOx production); • high flame speed (increasing the potential for unstable flames); • difficulties in compressing it (centrifugal compressors do not work well because of its low molecular mass and the ease with which it leaks back through the stages); • storage at large scale (its low calorific value compared to natural gas means more has to be stored for the same energy content); and • its low ignition energy (increased tendency to ignite in an unplanned manner). And yet hydrogen has been produced since 1650, when Théodore de Mayerne first poured dilute sulfuric acid on iron to produce a gas of “inflammable air”. It was not until 1783 when Jaques Charles made a hydrogen balloon large enough to carry him and a colleague over a distance of 36 km at a height of up to 550 m that it was appreciated that hydrogen had other us...