What are the jet stream and how do they affect the climate of india

Jet streams are currents of air high above Earth. They move eastward at altitudes of about eight to 15 kilometers (five to nine miles). They form where large temperature differences exist in the atmosphere. An air current is a flowing movement of air within a larger body of air. Air currents flow in the atmosphere, the layers of air surrounding the planet. They form because the sun heats Earth unevenly. As the sun beams down on Earth, it warms some areas, particularly the tropics, more than others, such as the poles. As Earth is heated, it warms the air just above it. The warmed air expands and becomes lighter than the surrounding air. It rises, creating a warm air current. Cooler, heavier air then pushes in to replace the warm air, forming a cool air current. Jet streams are air currents in the highest part of the atmosphere. The Atmosphere The atmosphere has a layered structure. From the ground upward, the layers are the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere, which merges with thin gases of space. The boundaries between the layers are not sharply defined, and they vary with latitude and season. Weather occurs in the troposphere. On average, this layer extends to an altitude of about 10 kilometers (six miles), ranging from less than six kilometers (four miles) at the poles to about 20 kilometers (12 miles) at the Equator. The top of the troposphere is higher in summer than in winter. Because the troposphere contains most of the...

Jet stream: (i)These are a narrow belt of high altitude (above 12,000 m) westerly winds in the troposphere. (ii)Their speed varies from about 110 km/h in summer to about 184 km/h in winter. A number of separate jet streams have been identified. The most constant are the mid-latitude and the sub tropical jet stream. These jet streams are located approximately over 27°-30° north latitude, therefore, they are known as subtropical westerly jet streams. Over India, these jet streams blow south of the Himalayas, all through the year except in summer. The western cyclonic disturbances experienced in the north and north-western parts of the country are brought in by this westerly flow. The controls affecting the climate of India are: (i)Latitude - The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the country from the Rann of Kuchchh in the west to Mizoram in the east. Almost half of the country, lying south of the Tropic of Cancer, belongs to the tropical area. All the remaining area, north of the Tropic, lies in the sub-tropics. Therefore, India’s climate has characteristics of tropical as well as subtropical climates. (ii)Altitude - India has mountains to the north, which have an average height of about 6,000 metres. India also has a vast coastal area where the maximum elevation is about 30 metres. The Himalayas prevent the cold winds from Central Asia from entering the subcontinent. It is because of these mountains that this subcontinent experiences comparatively milder winters...

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Answer In Rajasthan, the weather is very hot and there is less rainfall.Some part of the state is covered with desert. The thick walls of the houses insulate the people against the heat in summer and extreme cold in winter due to the desert. Flat roofs are easier to construct and as there is not much rainfall, water will not collect on the rooftops. Questions 2. Why is it that the houses in the Tarai region and in Goa and Mangalore have sloping roofs? Answer The houses in the Tarai region and in Goa and Mangalore have sloping roofs because they get heavy rain during the monsoon season. When there are sloping roofs, the rain water can easily flow off towards the ground or to a receptive unit where water is collected instead of collecting on the rooftop. Question 3. Why houses in Assam are built on stilts? Answer Houses in Assam are built on stilts because the state receives abundant rainfall due to which there are chances of floods, In case of flood the water might get inside the houses, if the houses are built on ground level, so in order to avoid flooding of houses, houses are built on stilts and above the ground level. Question 4. Why most of the world’s deserts are located in the western margins of continents in the subtropics? Answer Most of the worlds deserts are located in the western margins of continents in the subtropics because the prevailing winds in the tropics are tropical easterly winds. The tropical easterly winds become dry by the time they reach the wester...

• Jet streams are high velocitywesterly winds. The westerly flows are responsible for the western disturbancesexperienced in the north and north-western parts of the country. • These are of two types,westerly jet streams move to the north of Himalayas in summer and easterly jet streamsmove to the peninsular India. • The movement of a jet stream affects temperatures and precipitation.