Spinal cord originates from

• Afrikaans • Alemannisch • العربية • Aragonés • ܐܪܡܝܐ • Asturianu • Avañe'ẽ • Azərbaycanca • تۆرکجه • বাংলা • Bân-lâm-gú • Беларуская • Български • Bosanski • Brezhoneg • Català • Čeština • ChiShona • Cymraeg • Dansk • Davvisámegiella • Deutsch • ދިވެހިބަސް • Eesti • Ελληνικά • Español • Esperanto • Euskara • فارسی • Français • Gaeilge • Galego • 客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî • 한국어 • Հայերեն • हिन्दी • Hrvatski • Ido • Bahasa Indonesia • Íslenska • Italiano • עברית • ಕನ್ನಡ • ქართული • Қазақша • Kernowek • Kurdî • Кыргызча • Latina • Latviešu • Lietuvių • Lingua Franca Nova • Magyar • Македонски • മലയാളം • मराठी • მარგალური • Bahasa Melayu • 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ • Nederlands • नेपाल भाषा • 日本語 • Norsk bokmål • Norsk nynorsk • Occitan • Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча • Polski • Português • Română • Runa Simi • Русский • සිංහල • Simple English • Slovenčina • Slovenščina • کوردی • Српски / srpski • Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски • Suomi • Svenska • Tagalog • தமிழ் • Татарча / tatarça • తెలుగు • ไทย • ᏣᎳᎩ • Türkçe • Türkmençe • Українська • اردو • Tiếng Việt • Winaray • 吴语 • 粵語 • 中文 The spinal cord is the main pathway for information connecting the brain and It is about 45cm (18in) long in males and about 43cm (17in) in females, The spinal cord is continuous with the caudal portion of the medulla, running from the base of the The dorsal roots are afferent The spinal cord (and brain) are protected by three layers of tissue or membranes called In cross-section, the peripheral region of the cord contain...

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The spinal cord is a long, tube-like band of tissue. It connects your brain to your lower back. Your spinal cord carries nerve signals from your brain to your body and vice versa. These nerve signals help you feel sensations and move your body. Any damage to your spinal cord can affect your movement or function. Overview What is the spinal cord? Your spinal cord is a cylindrical structure that runs through the center of your spine, from your What is the difference between the spinal cord and the vertebral column? People often refer to the spinal cord and vertebral column together as the The bones in the vertebral column are called vertebrae (plural of one spine bone, a vertebra). Your vertebrae stack on top of each other, from your pelvic bones to your skull. Between each pair of vertebrae, you have a spinal disk. Disks have a tough outer shell and a gel-like interior. They act as shock absorption and cushion for your vertebrae and spinal cord. Function What is the purpose of the spinal cord? Your spinal cord’s main purpose is to carry nerve signals throughout your body. These nerve messages have three crucial functions. They: • Control body movements and functions. Signals from your brain to other body parts control your movements. They also direct autonomic (involuntary) functions like your breathing rate and • Report senses to your brain. Signals from other parts of your body help your brain record and process sensations like pressure or pain. • Manage your reflexes. Yo...

Figure 3.1 Schematic dorsal and lateral view of the spinal cord and four cross sections from cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral levels, respectively. The spinal cord is the most important structure between the body and the brain. The spinal cord extends from the foramen magnum where it is continuous with the medulla to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebrae. It is a vital link between the brain and the body, and from the body to the brain. The spinal cord is 40 to 50 cm long and 1 cm to 1.5 cm in diameter. Two consecutive rows of nerve roots emerge on each of its sides. These nerve roots join distally to form 31 pairs of spinal nerves. The spinal cord is a cylindrical structure of nervous tissue composed of white and gray matter, is uniformly organized and is divided into four regions: cervical (C), thoracic (T), lumbar (L) and sacral (S), (Figure 3.1), each of which is comprised of several segments. The spinal nerve contains motor and sensory nerve fibers to and from all parts of the body. Each spinal cord segment innervates a dermatome (see below and Figure 3.5). 3.2 General Features • Similar cross-sectional structures at all spinal cord levels (Figure 3.1). • It carries sensory information (sensations) from the body and some from the head to the central nervous system (CNS) via afferent fibers, and it performs the initial processing of this information. • Motor neurons in the ventral horn project their axons into the periphery to innervate skeletal and sm...

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Name the twelve cranial nerves and explain the functions associated with each • Describe the sensory and motor components of spinal nerves and the plexuses that they pass through Spinal Nerves The nerves connected to the spinal cord are the spinal nerves. The arrangement of these nerves is much more regular than that of the cranial nerves. All of the spinal nerves are combined sensory and motor axons that separate into two nerve roots. The sensory axons enter the spinal cord as the dorsal nerve root. The motor fibers, both somatic and autonomic, emerge as the ventral nerve root. The dorsal root ganglion for each nerve is an enlargement of the spinal nerve. There are 31 spinal nerves, named for the level of the spinal cord at which each one emerges. There are eight pairs of cervical nerves designated C1 to C8, twelve thoracic nerves designated T1 to T12, five pairs of lumbar nerves designated L1 to L5, five pairs of sacral nerves designated S1 to S5, and one pair of coccygeal nerves. The nerves are numbered from the superior to inferior positions, and each emerges from the vertebral column through the intervertebral foramen at its level. The first nerve, C1, emerges between the first cervical vertebra and the occipital bone. The second nerve, C2, emerges between the first and second cervical vertebrae. The same occurs for C3 to C7, but C8 emerges between the seventh cervical vertebra and the first thorac...

When refering to evidence in academic writing, you should always try to reference the primary (original) source. That is usually the journal article where the information was first stated. In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. Physiopedia articles are best used to find the original sources of information (see the references list at the bottom of the article). If you believe that this Physiopedia article is the primary source for the information you are refering to, you can use the button below to access a related citation statement. Cite article The Corticospinal tract (CST), also known as the pyramidal tract, is a collection of axons that carry movement-related information from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord. It forms part of the descending spinal tract system that originate from the cortex or • The The CST: • Is one of the major pathways for carrying movement-related information from the • Signaling along the corticospinal tract involved in a variety of movements, including behaviors like walking and reaching, but it is especially important for fine finger movements e.g. writing, typing, or buttoning clothes. • Represents the highest order of motor function in humans and is most directly in control of fine, digital movements • After selective damage to the corticospinal tract, patients are usually able to regain the ability to make crude movements (e.g. reaching) after a period of time, but they may be ...

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• Afrikaans • Alemannisch • العربية • Aragonés • ܐܪܡܝܐ • Asturianu • Avañe'ẽ • Azərbaycanca • تۆرکجه • বাংলা • Bân-lâm-gú • Беларуская • Български • Bosanski • Brezhoneg • Català • Čeština • ChiShona • Cymraeg • Dansk • Davvisámegiella • Deutsch • ދިވެހިބަސް • Eesti • Ελληνικά • Español • Esperanto • Euskara • فارسی • Français • Gaeilge • Galego • 客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî • 한국어 • Հայերեն • हिन्दी • Hrvatski • Ido • Bahasa Indonesia • Íslenska • Italiano • עברית • ಕನ್ನಡ • ქართული • Қазақша • Kernowek • Kurdî • Кыргызча • Latina • Latviešu • Lietuvių • Lingua Franca Nova • Magyar • Македонски • മലയാളം • मराठी • მარგალური • Bahasa Melayu • 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ • Nederlands • नेपाल भाषा • 日本語 • Norsk bokmål • Norsk nynorsk • Occitan • Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча • Polski • Português • Română • Runa Simi • Русский • සිංහල • Simple English • Slovenčina • Slovenščina • کوردی • Српски / srpski • Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски • Suomi • Svenska • Tagalog • தமிழ் • Татарча / tatarça • తెలుగు • ไทย • ᏣᎳᎩ • Türkçe • Türkmençe • Українська • اردو • Tiếng Việt • Winaray • 吴语 • 粵語 • 中文 The spinal cord is the main pathway for information connecting the brain and It is about 45cm (18in) long in males and about 43cm (17in) in females, The spinal cord is continuous with the caudal portion of the medulla, running from the base of the The dorsal roots are afferent The spinal cord (and brain) are protected by three layers of tissue or membranes called In cross-section, the peripheral region of the cord contain...

Figure 3.1 Schematic dorsal and lateral view of the spinal cord and four cross sections from cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral levels, respectively. The spinal cord is the most important structure between the body and the brain. The spinal cord extends from the foramen magnum where it is continuous with the medulla to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebrae. It is a vital link between the brain and the body, and from the body to the brain. The spinal cord is 40 to 50 cm long and 1 cm to 1.5 cm in diameter. Two consecutive rows of nerve roots emerge on each of its sides. These nerve roots join distally to form 31 pairs of spinal nerves. The spinal cord is a cylindrical structure of nervous tissue composed of white and gray matter, is uniformly organized and is divided into four regions: cervical (C), thoracic (T), lumbar (L) and sacral (S), (Figure 3.1), each of which is comprised of several segments. The spinal nerve contains motor and sensory nerve fibers to and from all parts of the body. Each spinal cord segment innervates a dermatome (see below and Figure 3.5). 3.2 General Features • Similar cross-sectional structures at all spinal cord levels (Figure 3.1). • It carries sensory information (sensations) from the body and some from the head to the central nervous system (CNS) via afferent fibers, and it performs the initial processing of this information. • Motor neurons in the ventral horn project their axons into the periphery to innervate skeletal and sm...

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Name the twelve cranial nerves and explain the functions associated with each • Describe the sensory and motor components of spinal nerves and the plexuses that they pass through Spinal Nerves The nerves connected to the spinal cord are the spinal nerves. The arrangement of these nerves is much more regular than that of the cranial nerves. All of the spinal nerves are combined sensory and motor axons that separate into two nerve roots. The sensory axons enter the spinal cord as the dorsal nerve root. The motor fibers, both somatic and autonomic, emerge as the ventral nerve root. The dorsal root ganglion for each nerve is an enlargement of the spinal nerve. There are 31 spinal nerves, named for the level of the spinal cord at which each one emerges. There are eight pairs of cervical nerves designated C1 to C8, twelve thoracic nerves designated T1 to T12, five pairs of lumbar nerves designated L1 to L5, five pairs of sacral nerves designated S1 to S5, and one pair of coccygeal nerves. The nerves are numbered from the superior to inferior positions, and each emerges from the vertebral column through the intervertebral foramen at its level. The first nerve, C1, emerges between the first cervical vertebra and the occipital bone. The second nerve, C2, emerges between the first and second cervical vertebrae. The same occurs for C3 to C7, but C8 emerges between the seventh cervical vertebra and the first thorac...